Black mustard, is an annual plant cultivated for its black or dark brown seeds, which are commonly used as a spice. It is the most pungent of all mustard seeds and is used to produce condiments and specialty mustards like Dijon mustard.
It is native to tropical regions of North Africa, temperate regions of Europe, and parts of Asia.
It is an upright plant, with large stalked leaves. They are covered with hairs or bristles at the base, but on the stem smoother. It can reach up to 80–90 cm height in moist fertile soil. It blooms in summer. The flowers have four yellow petals, which are twice as long as the sepals. Each stem has around four flowers at the top, forming a ring around the stem. Later, the plant forms long seed pods, that contain four rounded seeds.
Growing Black Mustard
Indoor Sowing: Not Recommended.
Direct Sowing: Early Spring, Late Summer and Autumn.
- Sow the mustard seed three weeks before your last frost date.
- Plant your mustard seeds about 2.5 cm apart.
- Once they germinate, thin the seedlings so that they are 15 cm apart. Mustard plants grown for seed are planted further apart than plants grown for just leaves as the mustard plant will be getting much larger before it flowers.
- The plants enjoy cool weather and will bolt quickly in warmer weather. Mustard plants that bolt due to warm weather will produce poor flowers and seeds.
- Although the Mustard plant does not require a lot of water, it is important to water the plant during dry spells.
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